10th Class Chapter- Metals and Non-Metals
Reactivity Series of Metals
Reactivity series is the series in
which metals are arranged as per order of decreasing activity. This reactivity
series is developed after performing so many displacement experiments. This series
is also called as activity series.
K
|
Pottasium
|
More Reactive
Reactivity
Decreases
when we move Top to Bottom Least Reactive |
Na
|
Sodium
|
|
Ca
|
Calcium
|
|
Mg
|
Magnesium
|
|
Al
|
Aluminium
|
|
Zn
|
Zinc
|
|
Fe
|
Iron
|
|
Pb
|
Lead
|
|
H
|
Hydrogen
|
|
Cu
|
Copper
|
|
Hg
|
Mercury
|
|
Ag
|
Silver
|
|
Au
|
gold
|
How Metals react with Non-metals
As
we know every element has tendency to achieve completely filled valence shell
to get electronic configuration of nearby noble gas, for example a metal say
sodium (Na) react with non-metal chlorine (Cl) to get complete valence shell
so Na loose one electron from its outermost shell which is taken-up by chlorine
(Cl), as a result they both have completely filled valence shell. In this
process sodium become +vely charged and chlorine –vely charged and these charge
attract each other to form NaCl.
Na (2,8,1) --------> Na+ (2,8) + e-
Where,
Na+ is sodium cation
Cl (2,8,7) + e- ----------> Cl-
Where,
Cl-
is chlorine anion
Formation of Sodium Chloride
Na+ + Cl- -----------> NaCl
Properties of Ionic Compounds
Ionic
Compounds also called Electrovalent Compounds and their properties are
described below-
1. Physical Nature of Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds are solid and hard due to strong force
of attraction between +ve and –ve ions. Ionic compounds are also brittle.
2. Melting and Boiling Points of Ionic Compounds
Ionic Compounds have high M.P. and B.P. as large
amount of energy is needed to breakup ionic bonds.
3. Solubility of Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds are soluble in polar solvents like
water and insoluble in non-polar solvents like ether, kerosene etc.
4. Electric Conductivity of Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds conduct electricity in aqueous and
molten state as ions moves freely but do not conduct electricity in solid
state.
10th Class- Metals and Non-Metals Part- 3
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