Smartphone Chemistry

Chemistry of Smartphone

About 20 years before no one use smartphones but nowadays everyone have a smartphone. Apple iPhone 13 Pro, Google Pixel 6 Pro, Oppo Find X3 Pro, OnePlus 9 Pro, Sony Xperia 1 III, Asus ROG Phone 5s Pro and Xiaomi 11T Pro are examples of some popular smartphones. This article is all about chemistry behind smartphones by Chemistry Notes Info.

Different Chemistry Elements in Smartphones

Typically smartphone contains many elements like Silver, Gold, Lithium, Praseodymium, Terbium, Yttrium, Gadolinium, Indium, Tin, Oxygen, Carbon, Copper, Tantalum, Silicon, Oxygen, Antimony, Arsenic, Phosphorus and Gallium.

Generally On Average a Smartphone Contains About 

• 300 mg Silver (Ag having Atomic No. 47, Atomic Mass 107.87)
• 30 mg Gold (Au having Atomic No. 79, Atomic Mass 196.97)

Battery- Generally smartphones have Li-Ion Battery, this battery have Lithium Cobalt Oxide as a +ve electrode and Carbon or Graphite as a -ve electrode. This -ve electrode release electrons which travel towards +ve electrode as a result provide power to your phone.

Screen- Screen contains following elements which provide color to screen to display visual content.

•  Praseodymium (Pr having Atomic No. 59, Atomic Mass 140.91)
• Terbium (Tb having Atomic No. 65, Atomic Mass 158.93)
• Yttrium (Y having Atomic No. 39, Atomic Mass 88.91)
• Gadolinium (Gd having Atomic No. 64, Atomic Mass 157.25)

 Touch- Touchscreen takes inputs from user and are transparent, all these are possible due to following elements

• Indium (In having Atomic No. 49, Atomic Mass 114.82)
• Tin (Sn having Atomic No. 50, Atomic Mass 118.71)
• Oxygen (O having Atomic No. 8, Atomic Mass 16)

Wiring- Wiring or electrical circuits are made up of copper and capacitors are made up of Tantalum. Capacitor store regulate electricity and loose electrical charge in fraction of seconds.

• Copper (Cu having Atomic No. 29, Atomic Mass 63.55)
• Tantalum (Ta having Atomic No. 73, Atomic Mass 180.95)

Microchip- Microchip or CPU (Central Processing Unit) also called brain of smartphone is made-up of silicon, oxygen, antimony, arsenic, phosphorus and gallium. All these elements are used to produce highly conductive powerful microchips so you can play games, watch videos, click photos, use your phone camera for taking selfy, audio video recording, calling, chatting, using apps like whats app, facebook, twitter or whatsoever stuff you like to do with your smartphone is possible due to chemistry.

• Silicon (Si having Atomic No. 14, Atomic Mass 28.09)
• Oxygen (O having Atomic No. 8, Atomic Mass 16)
• Antimony (Sb having Atomic No. 51, Atomic Mass 121.76)
• Arsenic (As having Atomic No. 33, Atomic Mass 74.92)
• Phosphorus (P having Atomic No. 15, Atomic Mass 30.97)
• Gallium (Ga having Atomic No. 31, Atomic Mass 69.73)

What's Inside Your Smartphone

Smartphone is made-up of different components which are assembled to make smartphones. Like display (to show visual content), touchscreen (to take inputs from user), cameras (to take photos, selfy and to shoot videos). Microphone (to receive audio or to record sound), case (body of phone), battery (to provide power), sim card slot (for sim), speakers (for sound, to listen music), sensors (for different purpose like ambient light sensor for light intensity means automatically set screen brightness according to surrounding light and ultimately save battery life. 

Gyroscope and accelerometer to play video-games as these sensor tracks phone movement, digital compass to detect north direction for maps and navigation, proximity sensor used to prevent unwanted touch commands by locking phone during phone call when you bring phone near your ear). 

Motherboard (printed circuit board containing principal components of smartphone with connectors for other circuit boards to be slotted into), memory (to store data, movies, photos, videos, songs), transceiver (to transmit and receive communications), radio (to transmit data and to receive data).

Cell phone radio (that communicate with cell tower, when you make call) wifi radio (to download big files, movies songs etc and they consume less battery as they travel very less distance) bluetooth radio, NFS rado, GPS radio etc. All these components contain some chemical elements of periodic table and when all components are assembled they give you smartphone which you use daily.

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