Basic Terminology of Chemistry

Dear science students, in this post we will learn very basic terminology of chemistry. After understanding this basic chemistry terminology, you can start learning more about chemistry at Chemistry Notes Info website www.ChemistryNotesInfo.com 

Chemical-any substance that has a defined composition. These chemicals are produced by chemical reactions in chemical manufacturing companies. 

Chemical reaction- the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances.

States of matter-the physical forms of matters, which are solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.

Reactant- a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction.

 
Product- a substance that forms in a chemical reaction.

Matter-anything that has mass and takes up space.

Volume-a measure of the size of a body or region in three-dimensional space.

Mass-a measure of the amount of matter in an object; a fundamental property of an object that is not affected by the forces that act on the object, such as the gravitational force.

Weight- a measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object; its value can change with the location of the object in the universe.

Quantity- something that has magnitude, size, or amount.

Unit- a quantity adopted as a standard of measurement.

Conversion Factor- a ration that is derived from the equality of two different units that can be used to convert from one unit to the other.

Physical property- a characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change, such as density, colour, or hardness.

Density –the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance; often expressed as grams per cubic centimetre for solids and liquids and as grams per litre for gases.

Chemical Property- a property of matter that describes a substance’s ability to participate in chemical reactions.

Atom- the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element.

Pure Substance- a sample of matter, either a single element or compound, that has definite chemical and physical properties.

Element- a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means’ all atoms of an element have the same atomic number.

Molecule- the smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance; it can consist of one atom, or two or more atoms bonded together.

Compound- a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds.

Mixture- a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.

Homogeneous- describes something that has a uniform structure or composition throughout.

Heterogeneous- composed of dissimilar components.