Polar Covalent Bond
In the
covalent compound if one is the more is more electronegative than other atom,
then shared pair of electrons is attracted towards more electronegative atom so
it acquire or obtain some partial negative charge which is represented by delta
negative (d-)
and other atom acquire some partial positive charge which is represented by
delta positive (d+) therefore polar bond is form, which
is known as Polar covalent bond.
Example : Hydrogen Chloride Molecule.
In HCl molecule, Chlorine is more
electronegative than Hydrogen so chlorine acquires partial negative charge and
hydrogen acquire partial positive charge.
Characteristics of Polar Covalent Compounds
i.
Polar
covalent compounds are approximately 80% covalent and 20% ionic so they so characteristics
of both covalent and ionic (or electrovalent) compounds.
ii.
In
solution forms, polar covalent compounds are good conductor of electricity.
Example: HCl
iii.
As
compared to pure non-polar covalent compounds and electrovalent compounds, the
melting point and boiling point of polar covalent compound are higher.