Organic Chemistry
What is Organic Chemistry ?
Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry which involve the scientific
study of structure, properties & reactions of organic species,
compounds or organic materials, means matter have various forms found
that contains carbon atoms. Study of structure of organic chemistry
compounds includes use of spectroscopy techniques like IR Spectroscopy,
Microwave Spectroscopy, NMR Spectroscopy, Mass Spectroscopy, X – Ray
Diffraction, Electron Diffraction, Neutron Diffraction and other
physical and/or chemical type of methods to examine chemical composition
and chemical constitution of the organic chemistry compounds and
materials to be analysed. This is article on what is organic chemistry
at “chemistry notes info blog”. Study of properties of organic compound
includes study of both physical properties as well as chemical
properties of organic chemistry compounds, which uses the similar
methods and also methods to evaluate the chemical reactivity to
understand behaviour of organic matter (organic sample) in its pure form
(if when possible), otherwise in solution, mixture forms. Study of
chemistry of organic reactions includes the searching their possibility
through use in the preparations of goal molecule or compounds like
natural products, medicinal drugs, polymers, solvents, etc.) by their
chemical synthesis, also focused on the study of reactivity’s of the
individual organic molecules. This article is about basics understanding
of organic chemistry under post organic chemistry lecture notes at
www.ChemistryNotesInfo.blogspot.com . Below is a 3D diagram of methane
CH4 molecule in tetrahedral geometry with bond angle of 109 degree.
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| Structure of Methane |
Organic Chemistry - Characterization
To identify purity of organic compounds methods or techniques used now-days are Chromatography like HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography), GC (Gas Chromatography) and Spectroscopy like Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Mass spectrometry, Crystallography. and old methods and techniques to identify purity of organic compounds are distillation, crystallization, and solvent extraction.
Physical Properties of Organic Compounds
These properties help in both qualitative and quantitative manner. Quantitative info includes M.P. (melting point), B.P. (boiling point), &
index of refraction. Qualitative info includes odor, solubility, consistency and color.
Nomenclature in Organic Chemistry
Organic compounds are generally named in two ways i.e. traditional names and systematic names. Traditional names are parent names like for Vitamin B3, its traditional name is Niacin. Systematic names are scientific names given by IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) nomenclature system like for Vitamin B3, its systematic name by IUPAC system is Pyridin-3-Carboxylic-Acid.
Classification of Organic Compounds
Organic compounds are classified on the basis of Functional Groups, Aliphatic compounds, Aromatic compounds, Heterocyclic compounds, Polymers, Biomolecules etc.
Organic Reactions
Organic reactions are those chemical reactions which involve organic compounds.
Glucose + Fructose ------> Sucrose
